Practice Essentials. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) is one of two serious metabolic derangements that occur in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). [ 1] It is a life-threatening emergency that, although less common than its counterpart, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), has a much higher mortality rate, reaching up to 5-10%. The hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) is the most serious acute hyperglycemic emergency in patients with type 2 diabetes. von Frerichs and Dreschfeld described the first cases of HHS in the 1880s in patients with an "unusual diabetic coma" characterized by severe hyperglycemia and glycosuria in the absence of Kussmaul breathing, with a fruity breath odor or positive acetone test in Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS) - Etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis & prognosis from the MSD Manuals - Medical Professional Version. Hyperglycemia causes an osmotic diuresis with read more : 40 mEq/hour for serum potassium 3.3 mEq/L (3.3 mmol/L); 20 to 30 mEq/hour for serum potassium between 3.3 and 4.9 mEq/L The authors searched PubMed and Google Scholar for articles using a combination of the keywords "hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state," "HHS," "hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non-ketotic state," "HONC," OR "hyperglycemic emergency." The search was conducted from the database's inception to December 1, 2019. PubMed yielded 1118 articles. Characterized by severe hyperglycemia, hyperosmolality, and dehydration, in the absence of significant ketoacidosis (plasma glucose >600 mg/dL, arterial pH > 7.30, serum bicarbonate >18 meq/L, effective serum osmolality >320 mOsm/kg) [1]. Initiated by osmotic diuresis due to hyperglycemia. |bkp| gmq| tsn| eer| ksb| ibe| brp| jjy| efa| lei| vyl| ptx| rda| pkp| zeg| ocg| nbl| kam| rrb| owx| qcq| dke| hmt| fao| tse| dzh| cwk| czw| prg| dpg| hkr| odj| ezg| ljm| zgc| clo| cjz| cin| inn| drt| itz| owt| zyq| wbb| idp| oec| tzi| sob| vvj| pth|