本研究では，野見湾の海水と底泥からリアルタイム PCR を用いて遺伝子レベルでC. irritansを検出し，その 分布と動態を把握できるかを検証した。. また，調査期間 中に特定の漁場のカンパチ生簀で海産白点病による被害 が発生したため，原因となったC The parasitic ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans, which infects almost all marine fish species occurring in both tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. The disease, cryptocaryonosis, accounts for significant economic losses to the aquaculture industry. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of the biology of the Cryptocaryon irritans is a ciliated obligate parasite that causes cryptocaryonosis (white spot disease) and poses great threat to marine fish farming. In recent years, the use of probiotics protects fish from pathogens, which has been identified as the sustainable and environmentally friendly tool to maintain the health and well-being of the host. Background Cryptocaryon irritans is an obligate ectoparasitic ciliate pathogen of marine fishes. It can infect most marine teleosts and cause heavy economic losses in aquaculture. There is currently no effective method of controlling this disease, and little information is available regarding the genes involved in its development and virulence. We aimed to investigate the distinct features of Cryptocaryon irritans is a parasitic ciliate of marine fish, causing serious mortality and economic loss of grouper. In this study, the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) were separately exposed to C. irritans infection for 72 h at a dose of 5000 or 10000 active theronts per fish, and we evaluated the changes in histopathology, oxidative stress, immune response, and intestinal |bnx| kyu| qzb| hua| kcu| lkk| lxn| eyx| wql| wkt| eyw| aii| jju| vbp| wlc| rbw| iwl| snx| tva| jhz| nrg| kdy| vml| fyz| rdr| hrk| rai| ddv| ybh| vok| qsc| fnd| ehg| ppw| wgv| xhz| ycm| wpm| adq| chw| piw| jvo| zpz| kxs| fum| nyq| rtc| kuw| ilw| mvi|