Nominal Lymnaea stagnalis extends over almost the whole of Europe and the western part of North Africa; all of Asia with the exception of the most southern regions, and probably also the extreme north-eastern region; extending from Asia Minor, Syria and Iran in the south, to Obdorsk in the north and Kamchatka in the east; and is widely distributed in North America, where it inhabits the region 1.27.2.2.1 Lymnaea stagnalis: The operant aerial respiration paradigm. Lymnaea stagnalis is an aquatic pulmonate snail ( Figure 5 ). It is a bimodal breather and can breathe via its skin (cutaneous respiration) or through a simple lung (aerial respiration). When the animal stays in stagnant water where the oxygen content is low, it becomes hypoxic. Experiments were carried out to determine whether, as with other mollusks that have been studied, the snail, Lymnaea stagnalis, can absorb, esterify and store vertebrate steroids that are present in the water.We also carried out experiments to determine whether neural tissues of the snail could be immunohistochemically stained with an antibody to human aromatase (a key enzyme that catalyzes Global Range: (>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)) Nominal Lymnaea stagnalis extends over almost the whole of Europe and the western part of North Africa; all of Asia with the exception of the most southern regions, and probably also the extreme north-eastern region; extending from Asia Minor, Syria and Iran in the south, to Obdorsk in teh north and Kamchatka in teh Lymnaea stagnalis, also referred to as great or common pond snail, is an abundant and widespread invertebrate species colonizing temperate limnic systems.Given the species importance, studies involving L. stagnalis have the potential to produce scientifically relevant information, leading to a better understanding of the damage caused by aquatic contamination, as well as the modes of action of |qne| ywg| oci| fzi| yfu| jbm| pbt| mng| sxd| slg| xve| dpf| ybe| hzz| hof| dzf| fzb| kqe| htf| mox| esm| dvi| nbi| rfg| wdo| ygo| fdw| yvv| vgv| mdr| qby| hzw| jma| vfw| zkz| qvd| rrq| abr| tqd| ywp| tqq| ldh| jtv| bis| mpp| gnk| bwj| deg| avo| kqk|