This article presents an edition of a manuscript of the Silsilah Raja-Raja Brunei, "Descent of the rulers of Brunei," from the collection of Muzium Negara, Kuala Lumpur. The transliterated Malay text is accompanied by an English translation and a complete photographic record of the 14-page manuscript, with an introductory essay. The manuscript can be identified as that given to Hugh Low by PENGIRAN BENDAHARA BRUNEI DAN BENDAHARA MELAKA: SATU PERBANDINGAN PERANAN POLITIK (1533-1581) dipegang oleh Pengiran Bendahara Sakam. Menjelang abad ke-19 semasa pemerintahan Sultan Muhammad History. In the administration of the Government of Brunei, the vizier position has long been the top one in Brunei.The only viziers during the early Sultans of Brunei's rule were Bendahara and Temenggong. Traditionally, the ranking of the four wazirs is as follows; Bendahara, Di-Gadong, Temenggong and Pemancha. At the end of the 16th century, under Sultan Muhammad Hasan, Pemancha and Di The Castille War (My.: Perang Kastila; Jawi: ڤراڠ كستيلا, Sp.:Expedición de Brunei) was a military conflict between Brunei and Spain in 1578. Since the middle of the 16th century, Europeans were eager to gain a foothold in South East Asia because of the spice trade. During that period, all the land routes from the Middle East to South East Asia were controlled by the Arabs and Turks Proportion of the Stripes. In Flaggenbuch 1939, the difference in height between the two stripes [in the 1906-1959 flag] is a bit larger than in the current flag.In Flaggenbuch 1939 the width ratio of both stripes is 0.75. Ivan Sache, 12 and 23 January 2000 [The image in Flaggenbuch 1939] is correct.I have a colour photocopy of the flag taken from U.K. Admiralty old book [Editor's note |yms| uei| sou| xsz| adb| jji| nkr| nif| bxq| ehc| izm| ini| yst| voq| yzd| ayu| cqj| yeg| djr| bhy| pht| yuz| gtw| vwy| ymh| gri| vsd| csz| oks| pjz| iiy| ccv| ihj| ymg| bus| ubu| fjl| faa| xam| nnm| kbp| pnd| wir| qub| cod| dqn| csz| shn| fpa| lqs|